Abstract
Introduction
Factors that occur between consecutive pregnancies may influence repeated excessive
gestational weight gain (GWG) and infants born large-for-gestational age (LGA). We
examined interpregnancy interval, weight retention, and GWG in women's first pregnancy
as predictors of excessive GWG and LGA in women's second pregnancy.
Methods
We used data from women's first two live births during the First Baby Study, a 3-year
prospective observational cohort of first-time mothers (N = 549). GWG was calculated as weight at delivery minus prepregnancy weight for first
and second pregnancies and categorized using the Institute of Medicine guidelines.
Weight retention at 6 and 12 months and interpregnancy interval (time from first live
birth to conception of second infant) were quantified. Infants were considered LGA
if birthweight was in the 90th percentile or greater for gestational age.
Results
Many women (51.7%) exceeded GWG recommendations in both pregnancies. Women who exceeded
guidelines in their first pregnancy had a 5.08 greater odds (p < .01) for exceeding guidelines in their second pregnancy, compared with women who
did not exceed guidelines in their first pregnancy. Interpregnancy interval and weight
retention had no association with exceeding guidelines in women's second pregnancy.
Exceeding guidelines in women's first pregnancy resulted in a 4.48 greater odds (p < .01) of first-born infants being LGA, and exceeding guidelines in women's second
pregnancy resulted in a 1.82 greater odds of second-born infants being large-for-gestational
age (p = .02), compared with women who met guidelines in their first or second pregnancy,
respectively.
Conclusions
Exceeding GWG guidelines in women's first pregnancy predicted exceeding guidelines
in their second pregnancy, independent of interpregnancy interval and weight retention.
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Biography
Elizabeth L. Adams, MS, is a doctoral student in the Department of Nutrition and the Center for Childhood Obesity Research at Penn State. She studies the development of multidisciplinary, family-based obesity prevention interventions designed to promote healthy behaviors and growth across early childhood.
Biography
Michele E. Marini, MS, is a data analyst and statistician for the Center of Childhood Obesity Research at Penn State. Her expertise includes research design, data management, and data analysis.
Biography
Krista S. Leonard, MS, is a doctoral student in the Department of Kinesiology at Penn State. She studies behavioral strategies that include physical activity, healthy eating, and psychological components to help manage weight gain among pregnant women with overweight/obesity.
Biography
Danielle Symons Downs, PhD, is a Professor of Kinesiology and Obstetrics/Gynecology and Director of the Exercise Psychology Laboratory at Penn State. She is an expert in women's health, motivation, and designing effective health-behavior change interventions (exercise, weight) in women before/during/after pregnancy.
Biography
Ian M. Paul, MD, MSc, is Chief of the Division of Academic General Pediatrics and Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs at Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey, Pennsylvania. He is a clinical researcher in preventative interventions, with obesity prevention as the primary interest.
Biography
Jennifer L. Kraschnewski, MD, MPH, is Associate Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Public Health Science at the Penn State College of Medicine. She is a community-engaged clinician-investigator with a research focus on behavioral interventions to support healthier lifestyles.
Biography
Kristen H. Kjerulff, MA, PhD, is Professor, Departments of Public Health Sciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State University, College of Medicine. She studies maternity/reproductive health care and common treatments and procedures. She was Principal Investigator of the First Baby Study.
Biography
Jennifer S. Savage, PhD, is the Director of the Center for Childhood Obesity Research at Penn State University. Her research focuses on individual factors affecting the development of behavioral controls and food intake.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 07, 2018
Accepted:
October 23,
2018
Received in revised form:
October 22,
2018
Received:
May 10,
2018
Footnotes
Funded, in part, under a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health using Tobacco CURE funds. The Department specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations or conclusions. The First Baby Study was funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, grant R01 HD052990.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc.
