Women's Health Issues
Volume 19, Issue 6 , Pages 415-424 , November 2009

Repeat Mammography Screening Among Unmarried Women With and Without a Disability

  • Melissa A. Clark, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Community Health and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Melissa A. Clark, PhD, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Box G-S121, 6th floor, Providence, RI 02912; Phone: (401) 863-3170; fax: (401) 863-7912.
    • ,
  • Michelle L. Rogers, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Community Health, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Xiaozhong Wen, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Community Health, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Victoria Wilcox, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Kate McCarthy-Barnett, EdD

      Affiliations

    • Rhode Island Breast Cancer Coalition, Coventry Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Jeanne Panarace, MA

      Affiliations

    • Rhode Island Developmental Disabilities Council, Warwick, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Carol Manning, MS

      Affiliations

    • Senior Action in a Gay Environment (SAGE/RI), Providence, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • Susan Allen, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Community Health, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
    • ,
  • William Rakowski, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Community Health, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine and Program in Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island

Received 9 March 2009 ,Revised 5 August 2009 ,Accepted 6 August 2009.

References 

  1. Ahmed NU, Smith GL, Haber G, Belcon MC. Are women with functional limitations at high risk of underutilization of mammography screening?. Womens Health Issues. 2009;19:79–87
  2. Alexander, M.T., & Kufera, J.A. (2007). Butting heads on matched cohort analysis using SAS software. Paper presented at the New England SAS Users Group, Baltimore, MD.
  3. American Cancer Society. (N.D.). Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer. Available: http://www.cancer.org. Accessed February 26, 2007.
  4. Balluz L, Ahluwalia IB, Murphy W, Mokdad A, Giles W, Harris VB. Surveillance for certain health behaviors among selected local areas—United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2002. MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2004;53(5):1–100
  5. Banerjee M, George J, Song EY, Roy A, Hryniuk W. Tree-based model for breast cancer prognostication. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2004;22:2567–2575
  6. Becker H, Stuifbergen A, Tinkle M. Reproductive health care experiences of women with physical disabilities: A qualitative study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1997;78(12 Suppl. 5):S26–S33
  7. Blanchard K, Colbert JA, Puri D, Weissman J, Moy B, Kopans DB, et al. Mammographic screening: Patterns of use and estimated impact on breast carcinoma survival. Cancer. 2004;101:495–507
  8. Blustein J, Weiss LJ. The use of mammography by women aged 75 and older: Factors related to health, functioning, and age. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1998;46:941–946
  9. Bowen D, Hickman KM, Powers D. Importance of psychological variables in understanding risk perceptions and breast cancer screening of African American women. Womens Health. 1997;3:227–242
  10. Caban ME, Kuo YF, Mahnken JD, Nosek MA, Freeman JL. Mammography use may partially mediate disparities in tumor size at diagnosis in women with social security disabilities. Women & Health. 2007;46(4):1–17
  11. Chan L, Doctor JN, MacLehose RF, Lawson H, Rosenblatt RA, Baldwin LM, et al. Do Medicare patients with disabilities receive preventive services? A population-based study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1999;80:642–646
  12. Chevarley FM, Thierry JM, Gill CJ, Ryerson AB, Nosek MA. Health, preventive health care, and health care access among women with disabilities in the 1994–1995 National Health Interview Survey, Supplement on Disability. Womens Health Issues. 2006;16:297–312
  13. Clark MA, Bonacore L, Wright SJ, Armstrong G, Rakowski W. The cancer screening project for women: Experiences of women who partner with women and women who partner with men. Women & Health. 2003;38(2):19–33
  14. Clark MA, Neighbors CJ, Wasserman MR, Armstrong GF, Drnach ML, Howie SL, et al. Strategies and cost of recruitment of middle-aged and older unmarried women in a cancer screening study. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention. 2007;16:2605–2614
  15. Clark MA, Rakowski W, Bonacore LB. Repeat mammography: Prevalence estimates and considerations for assessment. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2003;26:201–211
  16. Clark MA, Rogers ML, Armstrong GF, Rakowski W, Kviz FJ. Differential response effects of data collection mode in a cancer screening study of unmarried women ages 40–75 years: A randomized trial. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 2008;8:10
  17. Cronin KA, Miglioretti DL, Krapcho M, Yu B, Geller BM, Carney PA, et al. Bias associated with self-report of prior screening mammography. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention. 2009;18:1699–1705
  18. Diab ME, Johnston MV. Relationships between level of disability and receipt of preventive health services. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2004;85:749–757
  19. Dibble SL, Roberts SA, Nussey B. Comparing breast cancer risk between lesbians and their heterosexual sisters. Womens Health Issues. 2004;14:60–68
  20. Gordon NP, Hiatt RA, Lampert DI. Concordance of self-reported data and medical record audit for six cancer screening procedures. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1993;85:566–570
  21. Gotzsche PC, Nielson M. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;Issue 4. Art. No.:CD001877
  22. Hardin J, Hilbe J. Generalized linear models and extensions. Stata Press: College Station, TX; 2001;
  23. Hirschl TA, Altobelli J, Rank MR. Does marriage increase the odds of affluence? Exploring the life course probabilities. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 2003;65:927–938
  24. Humphrey LL, Helfand M, Chan BK, Woolf SH. Breast cancer screening: A summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2002;137:347–360
  25. Iezzoni LI, McCarthy EP, Davis RB, Harris-David L, O'Day B. Use of screening and preventive services among women with disabilities. American Journal of Medical Quality. 2001;16:135–144
  26. Iezzoni LI, McCarthy EP, Davis RB, Siebens H. Mobility impairments and use of screening and preventive services. American Journal of Public Health. 2000;90:955–961
  27. Jans L, Stoddard S. Chartbook on women and disability in the United States: An InfoUse report. Washington, DC: US Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research; 1999;
  28. Kagay CR, Quale C, Smith-Bindman R. Screening mammography in the American elderly. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2006;31:142–149
  29. King ES, Resch N, Rimer B, Lerman C, Boyce A, McGovern-Gorchov P. Breast cancer screening practices among retirement community women. Preventive Medicine. 1993;22:1–19
  30. King ES, Rimer BK, Seay J, Balshem A, Engstrom PF. Promoting mammography use through progressive interventions: Is it effective?. American Journal of Public Health. 1994;84:104–106
  31. Legg JS, Clement DG, White KR. Are women with self-reported cognitive limitations at risk for underutilization of mammography?. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 2004;15:688–702
  32. Lewin E. Does marriage have a future?. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 2004;66:1000–1006
  33. Liu SY, Clark MA. Breast and cervical cancer screening practices among disabled women aged 40–75: Does quality of the experience matter?. Journal of Womens Health (Larchmont). 2008;17:1321–1329
  34. Martin LM, Calle EE, Wingo PA, Heath CW. Comparison of mammography and Pap test use from the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys: Are we closing the gaps?. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1996;12:82–90
  35. McCarthy EP, Ngo LH, Roetzheim RG, Chirikos TN, Li D, Drews RE, et al. Disparities in breast cancer treatment and survival for women with disabilities. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2006;145:637–645
  36. Michaelson JS, Kopans DB, Cady B. The breast carcinoma screening interval is important. Cancer. 2000;88:1282–1284
  37. Montano DE, Phillips WR. Cancer screening by primary care physicians: A comparison of rates obtained from physician self-report, patient survey, and chart audit. American Journal of Public Health. 1995;85:795–800
  38. Nosek MA. The John Stanley Coulter lecture. Overcoming the odds: The health of women with physical disabilities in the United States. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2000;81:135–138
  39. Nosek MA, Gill CJ. Use of cervical and breast cancer screening among women with and without functional limitations—United States. 1994–1995 MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 1998;47:853–856
  40. Nosek MA, Howland CA. Breast and cervical cancer screening among women with physical disabilities. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1997;78(12 Suppl. 5):S39–S44
  41. Oppenheimer VK. A theory of marriage timing. American Journal of Sociology. 1988;94:563–591
  42. Oropesa RS, Lichter DT, Anderson RN. Marriage markets and the paradox of Mexican-American nuptiality. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1994;56:889–907
  43. Osborne C, Ostir GV, Du X, Peek MK, Goodwin JS. The influence of marital status on the stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival of older women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2005;93:41–47
  44. Partin MR, Casey-Paal AL, Slater JS, Korn JE. Measuring mammography compliance: Lessons learned from a survival analysis of screening behavior. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention. 1998;7:681–687
  45. Rakowski W, Meissner H, Vernon SW, Breen N, Rimer B, Clark MA. Correlates of repeat and recent mammography for women ages 45 to 75 in the 2002 to 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 2003). Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention. 2006;15:2093–2101
  46. Ramirez A, Farmer GC, Grant D, Papachristou T. Disability and preventive cancer screening: Results from the 2001 California Health Interview Survey. American Journal of Public Health. 2005;95:2057–2064
  47. Roetzheim RG, Chirikos TN. Breast cancer detection and outcomes in a disability beneficiary population. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 2002;13:461–476
  48. Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Modern epidemiology. 2nd ed.. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1998;
  49. Schootman M, Fuortes LJ. Breast and cervical carcinoma: The correlation of activity limitations and rurality with screening, disease incidence, and mortality. Cancer. 1999;86:1087–1094
  50. Schootman M, Jeffe DB. Identifying factors associated with disability-related differences in breast cancer screening (United States). Cancer Causes & Control. 2003;14:97–107
  51. Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E. Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2005;162:199–200
  52. Thierry JM. Increasing breast and cervical cancer screening among women with disabilities. Journal of Womens Health and Gender Based Medicine. 2000;9:9–12
  53. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, U.S. Department of Justice, & Civil Rights Division. (2008). Americans with Disabilities act: Questions and answers. Available: http://www.ada.gov/q%26aeng02.htm. Accessed January 30, 2009.
  54. United States Preventive Services Task Force. Guide to clinical preventive services. 2nd ed.. Washington, DC: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Public Health and Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 1995;
  55. Waldrop J, Stern SM. Disability status: 2000, Census 2000 brief. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau; 2003;
  56. Wei W, Findley PA, Sambamoorthi U. Disability and receipt of clinical preventive services among women. Womens Health Issues. 2006;16:286–296
  57. Zapka JG, Bigelow C, Hurley T, Ford LD, Egelhofer J, Cloud WM, et al. Mammography use among sociodemographically diverse women: The accuracy of self-report. American Journal of Public Health. 1996;86:1016–1021
  58. Zuvekas SH, Taliaferro GS. Pathways to access: Health insurance, the health care delivery system, and racial/ethnic disparities, 1996–1999. Health Affairs (Millwood). 2003;22:139–153

 Supported by the National Cancer Institute, K07-CA87070, and Susan G. Komen for the Cure®, POP0504335, to Melissa A. Clark, PhD.

PII: S1049-3867(09)00081-4

doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2009.08.001

Women's Health Issues
Volume 19, Issue 6 , Pages 415-424 , November 2009

Article Tools